Nepal is facing growing cybersecurity threats, but there are still many challenges in protecting digital systems. To keep up with rising risks, the country is now exploring automated ways to detect and respond to cyberattacks more quickly and effectively.

 As Nepal becomes more digital—with growing use of online banking, government e-services, and internet access—cyber threats are also increasing rapidly. Hackers, scammers, and even foreign-backed attackers are taking advantage of the country’s weak cyber defenses. These rising dangers make it clear that Nepal must act quickly to protect its people, systems, and future.

The country has already experienced major cyberattacks. In one case, hackers stole over $4 million by breaking into a bank’s international transfer system. Government websites have been shut down by attacks, and telecom networks have been disrupted, affecting internet services. These incidents show that Nepal is not well-prepared for today’s digital threats.

One major problem is outdated security. Many institutions still rely on basic tools like old antivirus software and simple firewalls, which can’t detect or stop modern, advanced attacks. Hospitals, banks, and government offices often use old systems that are easy targets. And when attacks happen, the response is usually slow, which leads to even more damage.

There’s also a lack of awareness. Many people don’t know about basic cybersecurity practices—like using strong passwords, avoiding suspicious links, or protecting personal information. Even in offices and government agencies, staff often don’t receive proper cybersecurity training.

Legally, Nepal is falling behind too. The main cyber law—the Electronic Transaction Act of 2008—is outdated. It was helpful in supporting early online transactions but doesn’t address new threats like ransomware or AI-driven attacks. The law lacks strong penalties and doesn’t even require companies to inform people if their data gets stolen.

To deal with all this, Nepal needs to move beyond slow, manual ways of handling cyber threats. Instead, it should adopt automated cybersecurity systems—smart tools that can detect and respond to threats quickly, without waiting for human input.

Automation brings many benefits. It can spot strange activity, block harmful files, isolate viruses, and apply updates automatically. Tools like SOAR (Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response) and XDR (Extended Detection and Response) can respond within minutes—something especially important for protecting banks, energy systems, hospitals, and government services.

Even small businesses and organisations with limited budgets can benefit from automation. Affordable options like Microsoft Defender or free, open-source tools can be set up to automatically respond to common cyber threats. Embracing automation will also help Nepal meet international cybersecurity standards, build trust, and attract global digital partnerships.

To move forward, Nepal needs to take both short- and long-term steps. Public awareness campaigns are essential to teach people how to stay safe online. The government must update outdated laws and require regular security checks for businesses and public institutions.

It’s also important to develop local talent by offering cybersecurity training, professional certifications, and encouraging businesses to use modern tools. A national cybersecurity agency could lead these efforts, work with the private sector, and ensure that Nepal can respond quickly and effectively to future attacks.

Nepal has serious cybersecurity challenges—from weak systems to outdated laws—but the solutions are within reach. By adopting smart, automated defenses and improving awareness and policies, Nepal can protect its digital future and turn current risks into opportunities for growth.